- Waveguides are metal tubes used for carrying electromagnetic waves. A waveguide converter is a special type of transmission line consisting of a hollow metal tube. The tube wall provides distributed inductance, while the empty space between the tube walls offers distributed capacitance. Waveguides are useful for high-frequency signals only, wherein wavelength approaches cross-sectional dimensions of the waveguide. Below such frequencies, waveguides are useless as electric transmission lines.
- Metallic waveguides offer significant advantages such as low propagation loss and high power transmission in the microwave frequency range
- Transitions from fundamental rectangular waveguides are useful for testing low-power and high-power waveguide components.
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Key Drivers and Restraints of Global Waveguide Converter Market
- A waveguide is a special form of a microwave transmission line. Waveguides are metal tubes that are often made of high-quality material (such as copper and brass, which is partly silver or even gold-plated).
- Furthermore, constant technological advancements in industries such as telecom, medical, and electronics are promoting growth of the global waveguide converter market. A key driver of the market is miniaturization of electronic devices. Miniaturization can be described as manufacture of downsized mechanical, optical, or electronic products and devices. Vehicle engine downsizing and miniaturized mobile phones computers are examples of miniaturization.
- Waveguide converters offer several advantages over two-wire and coaxial transmission lines. The key advantage is that waveguides support propagation with lower loss. Electric and magnetic fields used for energy transfer in metal surfaces are equal to zero. Hence, within the waveguides walls, these fields are limited to space. Electromagnetic fields are also fully contained within the waveguide walls and are completely shielded, both from the inside to the outside (radiation losses are maintained at a very low level) and from the outside to the inside of the waveguide, resulting in high resistance with very low desired signals.
- A waveguide converter can be manufactured to commercial standards or to full military specifications including flight and space quality standards. RF components can be manufactured with all waveguide flange sizes/types or coaxial connectors for achieving the maximum flexibility in designs.
- Factors related to attenuation are anticipated to restrain growth of players operating in the global waveguide converter market in the next few years. The wall currents flow only on the inside of the waveguide. Waveguide walls are usually made of polished brass. The inner surface of the wall must be highly conductive. The layers can also be gold-plated or silvered. Dust on the surface can have an impact as additional attenuation.
- Increase in investments in technology for developing products used in niche applications is expected to open up new growth avenues for market participants in the near future
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Transverse Electric and Magnetic Type Segments have Significant Growth Potential
- Wave propagation through a waveguide can be broadly classified into two categories: TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic), depending on which field (electric or magnetic) is perpendicular (transverse) to the direction of wave travel. Wave travel along a standard, two-conductor transmission line is of the TEM (transverse electric and magnetic) mode, wherein both fields are oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel. The TEM mode is possible only with two conductors and it cannot exist in a waveguide.
- A dead-end waveguide in a microwave circuit that acts as a resonant component is called a cavity resonator. An open-ended cavity resonator acts as a unidirectional antenna, transmitting or receiving RF energy from/to the open-end path.
- Due to higher-mode propagation, modern rectangular metallic waveguides are seldom used at frequencies higher than twice the cutoff frequency. Single-mode propagation is possible with two arrayed dielectric rods for a metallic waveguide. Although coaxial-waveguide converters are generally used for the introduction of electromagnetic waves to metallic waveguides, impedances cannot be matched by using only one converter, due to the narrow bandwidth.
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